International SEO and hreflang: avoiding the classic traps

International SEO sinks more projects than any other technical area. Most failures trace back to a handful of avoidable hreflang and architecture mistakes.
Pick the right URL structure
ccTLDs, subdirectories, or subdomains — each has trade-offs. Subdirectories on a strong root domain are usually the safest default for most companies.
Hreflang done correctly
Every alternate must reference itself and all siblings. A single missing return tag invalidates the cluster.
Localise, do not translate
Currencies, examples, regulations, and tone must reflect the market. Word-for-word translation is a missed opportunity.



